Chapter 15: Types in the Genus Group


Article 69. Type species not fixed in the original publication. If a nominal genus-group taxon was established before 1931 (in the case of an ichnotaxon, before 2000) and no type species was fixed in the original publication [Art. 68], the provisions of this Article apply subject, when appropriate, to the provisions of Article 70.2 and 70.3.

69.1. Type species by subsequent designation. If an author established a nominal genus or subgenus but did not fix its type species, the first author who subsequently designates one of the originally included nominal species [Art. 67.2] validly designates the type species of that nominal genus or subgenus (type by subsequent designation), and no later designation is valid.

69.2. Eligibility of species for type fixation. An originally included nominal species is eligible for subsequent fixation as type species even if it is the type species of another genus-group taxon [Art. 67.11] or had been included in another such taxon.

69.3. Type species by subsequent monotypy. If only one nominal species was first subsequently included in a nominal genus or subgenus established without included species, that nominal species is automatically fixed as the type species, by subsequent monotypy.

69.4. "Fixation by elimination" excluded. Elimination of all but one of the originally included nominal species from a nominal genus or subgenus does not in itself constitute type fixation.

Recommendation 69A. Criteria of preference. In designating a type species for a nominal genus or subgenus, an author should give preference to a species that is adequately described or illustrated, or of which type material still exists, or of which material is easily obtained. When these properties are shared by more than one species, an author should be guided by the following criteria, in order of preference:


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